Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling: a key element in bone physiology and regeneration

Bone represents a well vascularized structure which is remodelled and renewed continuously. It consists of osteoblasts, osteoclasts osteocytes have precise role in the context endochondral intramembranous ossification. While link between bone tissue, marrow haematopoiesis crucial for generation progenitor forming cells, recent research indicates that physiology as healing, repair regeneration directly dependent on angiogenesis. Experimental suggest angiogenesis osteogenesis are coupled through mechanism type H endothelial cells paramount importance. Apart from other molecular elements such HIF Notch CD31-endomucin capillaries miR-497∼195 clusters may significant angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling. The number decreases significantly elderly paralleled by drop supply cells. This would explain loss decreased potential seen patients. Overall, it suggested represent therapeutic targets various pathological conditions characterized impaired regeneration.